Israel will reopen the Rafah border crossing between Gaza and Egypt on Sunday, February 1, allowing limited pedestrian movement in both directions. The decision follows the recovery of the last hostage's remains in Gaza and aligns with the second phase of the US-brokered ceasefire agreement.
Core Facts and Immediate Action
The Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories (COGAT) announced the reopening, emphasizing that only individuals will be permitted to cross, with no goods allowed initially. The crossing, controlled by Israeli forces since May 2024, will operate under strict security measures, including prior Israeli approval and oversight by European Union personnel.
Deeper Dive and Context
Security and Oversight
Israeli security forces will use facial recognition and other screening methods to vet travelers. Egypt will coordinate with Israel to approve entries and exits, while the Palestinian Authority and EU will assist in screening processes. The crossing has been closed since May 2024, except for brief medical evacuations during a temporary ceasefire in early 2025.
Humanitarian Impact
The reopening is expected to facilitate medical evacuations for war-wounded Palestinians and allow displaced residents to return to Gaza. Hamas has called for the crossing's immediate reopening as part of the ceasefire agreement, which also includes the deployment of a Palestinian technocratic committee to administer Gaza.
Political and Diplomatic Context
The move follows Israel's agreement to a "limited reopening" under President Donald Trump's 20-point peace plan. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had previously stated that the crossing would reopen on a limited basis after the return of the last hostage. The reopening is also expected to pave the way for discussions on Hamas's disarmament, with a Palestinian-led administration negotiating with the group.
Historical Background
The Rafah crossing is Gaza's only border not shared with Israel, making it a vital lifeline for aid and travel. Israel seized control of the crossing in May 2024, citing concerns over arms smuggling by Hamas. The crossing's reopening marks a significant step in the ongoing ceasefire efforts and humanitarian relief for Gaza.